Why is chloroform legal

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Monograph summary, Volume 73 PDF 3. US National Library of Medicine. Ministry of Justice. Government of Alberta. Occupational Health and Safety Code. Government of Manitoba. Justice and Office of the Attorney General. Government of Newfoundland and Labrador. Regulation 5,12 Occupational Health and Safety Regulations Government of the Northwest Territories. Government of Nova Scotia. Ontario Ministry of Labour. Government of Prince Edward Island. Government of Quebec.

Regulation Respecting Occupational Health and Safety Government of Saskatchewan. Annotated PELs Government of Canada. Summary of indoor air reference levels Ontario Ministry of the Environment and Climate Change. Government of Ontario. Health Canada. Government of British Columbia. It is also released into the environment from workplaces where it is manufactured. Chloroform is indirectly produced when chlorine reacts with organic compounds.

Therefore, a number of water disinfection processes including chlorination of drinking water, waste water and swimming pools contribute to the formation and release of chloroform into the environment. Disinfection processes at pulp and paper plants are also potential sources of chloroform. People may be exposed to chloroform by breathing contaminated air or by eating food containing chloroform.

Drinking water may also be a source of exposure to very small amounts of chloroform. Workers involved in the production and use of chloroform and those working at sites where chloroform is indirectly produced for example water treatment plants , may be exposed to higher levels of chloroform than the general population.

However, safe limits are enforced to protect the employees; such levels are below those that are thought to cause harmful effects. The presence of chloroform in the environment does not always lead to exposure. In order for it to cause any adverse health effects, you must come into contact with it. You may be exposed by breathing, eating, or drinking the substance or by skin contact.

Following exposure to any chemical, the adverse health effects that you may encounter depend on several factors, including the amount to which you are exposed dose , the way you are exposed, the duration of exposure, the form of the chemical and if you were exposed to any other chemicals.

Inhalation of chloroform vapours may lead to symptoms such as shortness of breath and dryness of the mouth and throat. Ingestion of chloroform can cause a burning sensation in the mouth and throat, nausea and vomiting.

Chloroform can be absorbed into the body via ingestion or inhalation. Symptoms include excitement and nausea followed by dizziness and drowsiness. More severe exposures to chloroform may cause heart problems, fitting, unconsciousness and in some cases death.

Delayed effects up to 48 hours after the exposure of acute toxic chloroform exposure are liver and kidney damage.

Skin contact with chloroform may lead to irritation and inflammation of the exposed area. Exposure of the eyes to chloroform vapour may cause a stinging sensation, and eye contact with liquid chloroform can cause immediate pain and inflammation. The International Agency for Research on Cancer has concluded that there is enough evidence in experimental animals, but not in humans that chloroform can cause cancer.

Therefore, it has classified chloroform as possibly having the ability to cause cancer in humans. People with breathing problems such as asthma may be more sensitive to the effects of chloroform.